copper-glossary-2024-02-28 33 concepts
By hans
- copper-glossary-2024-02-28
- Applications
- People
- PeopleGeorgius Agricola (24th March 1494 - 21st November 1555) was a German scholar and scientist. Known as the father of mineralogy, he has written the book 'De Re Metallica'. This book remained a standard work for a long time
- Products
- PropertiesPhysical and chemical properties
- Electrical conductivityCopper is the element which exhibits the highest electrical conductivity beside silver. With its 58x10hh6 S/m at room temperature it is the standard for 100 % conductivity in IACS units. Very pure copper has even a higher conductivity of up to 59.1 S/m corresponding to 101.9 % IACS. Impurity in copper may drastically reduce the conductivity. So only 500 ppm phosphorus reduce the conductivity by more than 30%. So copper alloys like brass have a lower electrical conductivity. Also cold working can reduce the conductivity about 1-2%. With increasing temperature the electrical conductivity decreases. At very low temperatures near to 0 K the conductivity increases by a factor of more than ten. For applications at low temperatures like superconductors the conductivity at low temperature is important. It is measured as the Residual Resistance Ratio .
- Thermal conductivity
- Fatigue strength
- Creep resistanceCreep resistance is a term used in materials science that refers to a solid material’s ability to resist “creep,” which refers to the tendency of a material to slowly deform over a long period of exposure to high levels of stress.
- Melting point
- Color
- Density
- Tensile strengthTensile strength is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before it breaks after necking. As hardness the tensile strength of copper is not a specific value but it depends on the pretreatment of copper.So it increases if it is rolled or drawn . So a reduction of the cross section of soft copper of 80% results in an increase of the tensile strength from about 210 N/mm2 to 380 N/mm2. In copper alloys the tensile strength may be much higher than for pure copper. So for brass it is 550 N/mm2.
- Hardness
- Benefits